Due to this, the nutritional requirements of the German Shepherd vary over time. If you're thinking of creating a nutritional plan for your pet, you'll need to consider your dog's specific needs, as well as the general needs of the breed.
How to Feed a German Shepherd
Energy and Calorie Needs
German Shepherd puppies are full of energy and require a diet high in protein and calories to support their rapid growth. Protein is always a vital component of a dog’s diet, but as your dog gets older, adjusting its diet can help prevent obesity and support its overall health.
When modifying your dog's diet based on its activity level, it’s important to focus on the total calorie intake, which should be tailored to your dog’s size, age, and lifestyle. Calorie needs increase with higher activity levels, but feeding based solely on exercise is not enough—portion control and balanced nutrition are key. If you are unsure whether your dog is getting the right amount of calories, consult your veterinarian for personalized advice.
In general, German Shepherds benefit from a high-protein diet. Proteins supply energy and are essential for maintaining muscle and producing important hormones. Be sure to choose foods with high-quality animal proteins as the primary ingredient.
The amount of food your dog needs will depend on its age, weight, and activity level. Your vet can provide specific recommendations based on your dog's individual needs.
Maintaining a Healthy Coat and Skin
As a breed with a double coat, German Shepherds have a thick outer layer that protects them from weather and other environmental factors. The coat sheds year-round, with the heaviest shedding occurring in the spring and autumn. Regular brushing is essential to manage shedding and maintain coat health.
If your German Shepherd’s coat becomes dull, brittle, or sheds excessively outside of the normal cycles, it could be a sign of dietary issues. Healthy fats and oils in the diet, such as omega-3 fatty acids, help keep the skin and coat in good condition. Dogs on a diet too low in fat may develop skin problems, so it’s important to ensure their food contains the right balance of fats and vitamins, such as vitamin E.
Health Risks Related to Diet
German Shepherds typically live for 10 to 13 years and are prone to several health problems, such as allergies, Cushing's disease, hypothyroidism, and epilepsy. As a large breed, they are also susceptible to arthritis and hip dysplasia.
Although conditions like arthritis and hip dysplasia cannot be completely prevented, a diet that includes glucosamine and chondroitin can help manage these conditions by supporting joint health. Weight gain can worsen joint problems, so it’s critical to monitor their calorie intake closely. Even a small amount of extra weight can increase the risk of joint disease and discomfort.
Things to keep in mind
Each German Shepherd has specific dietary needs depending on age, activity level, and health. In general, they require a diet high in quality protein and essential vitamins such as A, D, E, and K. These nutrients are absorbed more effectively with the help of healthy fats like omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids.
As a large breed, it’s also important to choose a diet that promotes joint health and prevents excessive weight gain to reduce the risk of joint problems later in life.